Birds Return in Flocks: Sambhar Lake Sees a 15-Fold Migratory Surge

Sambhar Lake, India’s largest inland saltwater lake, located in Rajasthan, has seen a remarkable ecological resurgence. According to the 2025 Asian Waterfowl Census led by biologist Abid Ali Khan, the number of migratory birds at Sambhar surged from just over 7,000 in 2024 to an astounding 1.05 lakh in 2025 — a 15-fold increase.

This incredible rise is largely attributed to improved rainfall patterns and better water availability, creating ideal habitat conditions for various migratory species. Notably, large flocks of Lesser Flamingos, Greater Flamingos, and Northern Shovelers have made a spectacular comeback to this Ramsar-designated wetland, highlighting its significance as a biodiversity hotspot.

Sambhar Lake plays a critical role in supporting avian migratory routes, acting as a key stopover for birds migrating across the Central Asian flyway. The lake’s shallow waters and extensive salt pans provide rich feeding grounds essential for these birds’ survival during their long journeys.

However, despite this positive development, experts are cautioning that the ecological balance remains fragile. Sambhar faces ongoing threats, including illegal salt mining operations, which disturb the lakebed and degrade habitat quality. The lake’s boundaries are shrinking due to encroachment and changing land use, further threatening wildlife.

In addition, overhead electric power lines running across the area have caused fatal collisions for birds, while a severe lack of veterinary infrastructure leaves injured birds without care. Conservationists stress that urgent policy interventions and enforcement of environmental laws are necessary to protect Sambhar’s unique ecosystem.

The government and local communities must collaborate to ensure sustainable management practices that balance human activity with nature conservation. The 2025 census results offer hope but also a reminder that preserving Sambhar Lake requires continuous vigilance.

Sambhar’s story is emblematic of India’s broader environmental challenges, where climate, development, and wildlife must find harmony for a sustainable future.